Surface analysis sample applications

The following are a selection of the many applications for surface analysis tools.

Type of analysis	Surface tool(s)	Application
Characteristics of surfaces	Slope	You might want to know the variations in the slope of the landscape because you want to find the areas most at risk of landslide based on the angle of steepness in an area (steeper slopes being those most at risk).
	Aspect	You might be a farmer who is interested in locating a field in an area with a southerly aspect.
	Curvature	Determine the acceleration and convergence of flow in a drainage basin to better understand topsoil erosion.
Creating contours	Contour Contour List Contour with Barriers	Contours can be useful for finding areas of the same value. You could be interested in obtaining elevation values for specific locations and examining the overall gradation of the land.
Visibility analysis	Observer Points Viewshed	Calculating viewshed is useful when you want to know how visible objects will be. For instance, you might want to find the location with the most expansive view in an area because you want to choose the best location for an observation tower or scenic overlook.
Terrain relief and visualization	Hillshade	You can create hillshade for both graphic and analytic purposes. Graphically, a hillshade can provide an attractive and realistic backdrop, showing how other layers are distributed in relation to the terrain relief. From an analytic point of view, you can analyze how the landscape is illuminated at various times of the day by lowering and raising the sun angle.
Volumetric analysis	Cut Fill	You may be leveling a site for building construction and want to determine the volume of material that needs to be excavated and dumped. Another use is to identify areas of sediment erosion and deposition in a river valley.

Surface analysis sample applications