FieldMappings (arcpy)

Resumen

The FieldMappings object is a collection of FieldMap objects and it is used as the parameter value for tools that perform field mapping, such as Merge.

Debate

El objeto FieldMappings es una colección de objetos FieldMap y se utiliza como valor de parámetro para las herramientas que realizan la asignación de campos, tales como Merge. La manera más fácil de trabajar con estos objetos es crear primero un objeto FieldMappings y, a continuación, inicializar sus objetos FieldMap agregando las clases de entidad o las tablas de entrada que se vayan a combinar. Una vez proporcionadas todas las entradas, el objeto FieldMappings contendrá un objeto FieldMap, o campo de salida, para cada nombre de campo único de todas las entradas. Esta lista se puede modificar agregando nuevos campos, modificando las propiedades o los contenidos de un campo de salida, o quitando los campos de salida no deseados.

Las propiedades del objeto FieldMap incluyen la posición de inicio y final de un valor de texto de entrada, de modo que se pueda crear un nuevo valor de salida utilizando una sección de un valor de entrada. Si un objeto FieldMap contiene varios campos de entrada de la misma tabla o clase de entidad, los valores de cada registro se combinan utilizando la propiedad mergeRule. Ésta es una manera conveniente de unir valores, tales como un nombre de calle contenido en un campo y un tipo de calle contenido en otro, por ejemplo, Eureka y Street. La propiedad joinDelimiter de FieldMap si se utiliza si se especifica el valor de mergeRule Join. Cualquier conjunto de caracteres, tal como un espacio, se puede utilizar como delimitador. En el ejemplo anterior, esto crearía el valor Eureka Street.

Sintaxis

FieldMappings ()

Propiedades

Propiedad	Explicación	Tipo de datos
fieldCount (Sólo lectura)	The number of output fields.	Integer
fieldMappings (Lectura y escritura)	A list of FieldMap objects that make up the FieldMappings object.	FieldMap
fieldValidationWorkspace (Lectura y escritura)	The workspace type that defines the rules for attribute field naming. These rules are used when determining the output field names, which are based on the names of the input fields. For example, setting the fieldValidationWorkspace property to the path of a folder on disk containing the input shapefiles will result in the output field names being truncated to 10 characters. Setting the fieldValidationWorkspace property to the path of a file geodatabase will allow for much longer field names. The fieldValidationWorkspace property should be set with a consideration for the output format.	String
fields (Sólo lectura)	A list of Field objects. Each field object represents the properties of each output field.	Field

Descripción general de los métodos

Método	Explicación
addFieldMap (field_map)	Add a field map to the field mappings.
addTable (table_dataset)	Adds a table to the field mappings object.
exportToString ()	Exports the object to its string representation.
findFieldMapIndex (field_map_name)	Find a field map within the field mappings by name.
getFieldMap (index)	Gets a field map from the field mappings.
loadFromString (string)	Restore the object using its string representation. The exportToString method can be used to create a string representation.
removeAll ()	Removes all values and creates an empty object.
removeFieldMap (index)	Removes a field map from the field mappings.
replaceFieldMap (index, value)	Replace a field map within the field mappings.

Métodos

addFieldMap (field_map)

Parámetro	Explicación	Tipo de datos
field_map	The field map to add to the field mappings	FieldMap

addTable (table_dataset)

Parámetro	Explicación	Tipo de datos
table_dataset	The table to add to the field mappings object.	String

exportToString ()

Valor de retorno

Tipo de datos	Explicación
String	The string representation of the object.

findFieldMapIndex (field_map_name)

Parámetro	Explicación	Tipo de datos
field_map_name	Find the field map by name.	String

Valor de retorno

Tipo de datos	Explicación
Integer	The index position of the field map.

getFieldMap (index)

Parámetro	Explicación	Tipo de datos
index	The index position of the field map.	Integer

Valor de retorno

Tipo de datos	Explicación
FieldMap	The field map from the field mappings.

loadFromString (string)

Parámetro	Explicación	Tipo de datos
string	The string representation of the object.	String

removeAll ()

removeFieldMap (index)

Parámetro	Explicación	Tipo de datos
index	The index position of the field map.	Integer

replaceFieldMap (index, value)

Parámetro	Explicación	Tipo de datos
index	The index position of the field map to be replaced.	Integer
value	The replacement field map.	FieldMap

Ejemplo de código

FieldMappings example

FieldMap objects are often used when there is a need to merge similar datasets into one, all-encompassing dataset. In this example, the feature class Trees and the shapefile Plants.shp are merged into one feature class: Vegetation. Both original feature classes have two attributes: Type and Diameter. These two attributes must be maintained through the merge.

import arcpy

# Set the workspace
arcpy.env.workspace = 'c:/base'

in_file1 = 'data.gdb/Trees'
in_file2 = 'Plants.shp'
output_file = 'data.gdb/Vegetation'

# Create the required FieldMap and FieldMappings objects
fm_type = arcpy.FieldMap()
fm_diam = arcpy.FieldMap()
fms = arcpy.FieldMappings()

# Get the field names of vegetation type and diameter for both original
# files
tree_type = "Tree_Type"
plant_type = "Plant_Type"

tree_diam = "Tree_Diameter"
plant_diam = "Diameter"

# Add fields to their corresponding FieldMap objects
fm_type.addInputField(in_file1, tree_type)
fm_type.addInputField(in_file2, plant_type)

fm_diam.addInputField(in_file1, tree_diam)
fm_diam.addInputField(in_file2, plant_diam)

# Set the output field properties for both FieldMap objects
type_name = fm_type.outputField
type_name.name = 'Veg_Type'
fm_type.outputField = type_name

diam_name = fm_diam.outputField
diam_name.name = 'Veg_Diam'
fm_diam.outputField = diam_name

# Add the FieldMap objects to the FieldMappings object
fms.addFieldMap(fm_type)
fms.addFieldMap(fm_diam)

# Merge the two feature classes
arcpy.Merge_management([in_file1, in_file2], output_file, fms)

FieldMappings example 2

This sample displays the option of using FieldMap objects to merge fields, using the FeatureClassToFeatureClass tool. In this example, a feature class contains information about the number of accidents per intersection in a city. Each year of data is maintained in one field. The user would like to find the average number of accidents in each intersection, without altering the existing table.

import arcpy

# Set the workspace
arcpy.env.workspace = 'c:/base/data.gdb'

in_file = 'AccidentData'
out_file = 'AverageAccidents'

# Create the necessary FieldMap and FieldMappings objects
fm = arcpy.FieldMap()
fm1 = arcpy.FieldMap()
fms = arcpy.FieldMappings()

# Each field with accident data begins with 'Yr' (from Yr2007 to Yr2012).
# The next step loops through each of the fields beginning with 'Yr',
# and adds them to the FieldMap Object
for field in arcpy.ListFields(in_file, 'Yr*'):
    fm.addInputField(in_file, field.name)

# Set the merge rule to find the mean value of all fields in the
# FieldMap object
fm.mergeRule = 'Mean'

# Set properties of the output name.
f_name = fm.outputField
f_name.name = 'AvgAccidents'
f_name.aliasName = 'AvgAccidents'
fm.outputField = f_name

# Add the intersection field to the second FieldMap object
fm1.addInputField(in_file, "Intersection")

# Add both FieldMaps to the FieldMappings Object
fms.addFieldMap(fm)
fms.addFieldMap(fm1)

# Create the output feature class, using the FieldMappings object
arcpy.FeatureClassToFeatureClass_conversion(
    in_file, arcpy.env.workspace, out_file, field_mapping=fms)